refactor: modernize SmartPointer with thread-safe reference counting, move semantics, and custom deleter support, and add corresponding unit test.

src/Core/SmartPointer.h

@@ -23,89 +23,239 @@
 
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/
 
-
-
 #ifndef U_CORE_SMARTPOINTER_H
 #define U_CORE_SMARTPOINTER_H
 
+#include <atomic>
+#include <functional>
+#include <utility>
 
 namespace uLib {
 
+/**
+ * @brief A smart pointer implementation inspired by std::shared_ptr.
+ * 
+ * Features modernized C++11/14/17 syntax, thread-safe reference counting,
+ * move semantics, and support for custom deleters.
+ * 
+ * NOTE: Default constructor allocates a new T following legacy behavior.
+ */
 template <typename T>
 class SmartPointer {
-    typedef T element_type;
 public:
+    using element_type = T;
 
-    explicit
+    /**
-    SmartPointer(T* ptr = NULL) : m_counter(0) {
+     * @brief Constructor from raw pointer.
-        if(!ptr) ptr = new T;
+     * If ptr is nullptr, a new T is allocated (legacy behavior).
+     */
+    explicit SmartPointer(T* ptr = nullptr) : m_counter(nullptr) {
+        if (!ptr) ptr = new T(); 
         if (ptr) m_counter = new ReferenceCounter(ptr);
     }
 
-    // TakeReference //
+    /**
-    SmartPointer(T &ref) : m_counter(new ReferenceCounter(&ref,0)) { }
+     * @brief Constructor with custom deleter.
-
+     */
-    SmartPointer(const SmartPointer& copy) throw () {
+    template <typename D>
-        acquire(copy.m_counter);
+    SmartPointer(T* ptr, D deleter) : m_counter(nullptr) {
+        if (ptr) m_counter = new ReferenceCounter(ptr, deleter);
     }
 
-    SmartPointer(SmartPointer * copy) throw () {
+    /**
-        acquire(copy->m_counter);
+     * @brief Non-owning constructor from reference.
+     * Uses a no-op deleter to ensure the referenced object is not destroyed.
+     */
+    SmartPointer(T &ref) : m_counter(new ReferenceCounter(&ref, [](T*){}, 1)) { }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Copy constructor.
+     */
+    SmartPointer(const SmartPointer& other) noexcept : m_counter(nullptr) {
+        acquire(other.m_counter);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Copy constructor from a pointer to SmartPointer (Legacy support).
+     */
+    SmartPointer(const SmartPointer* other) noexcept : m_counter(nullptr) {
+        if (other) acquire(other->m_counter);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Move constructor.
+     */
+    SmartPointer(SmartPointer&& other) noexcept : m_counter(other.m_counter) {
+        other.m_counter = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Virtual destructor.
+     */
     virtual ~SmartPointer() { release(); }
 
-    SmartPointer & operator=(const SmartPointer& copy) {
+    /**
-        if (this != &copy)
+     * @brief Copy assignment.
-        {
+     */
+    SmartPointer& operator=(const SmartPointer& other) noexcept {
+        if (this != &other) {
             release();
-            acquire(copy.m_counter);
+            acquire(other.m_counter);
         }
         return *this;
     }
 
-    T & operator*() const throw () {  return *m_counter->ptr; }
+    /**
-    T * operator->() const throw () {  return m_counter->ptr; }
+     * @brief Move assignment.
+     */
+    SmartPointer& operator=(SmartPointer&& other) noexcept {
+        if (this != &other) {
+            release();
+            m_counter = other.m_counter;
+            other.m_counter = nullptr;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
 
-    T * get() const throw () {
+    /**
-        return m_counter ? m_counter->ptr : 0; }
+     * @brief Resets the smart pointer to hold a new raw pointer.
-    bool unique() const throw () {
+     */
-        return (m_counter ? m_counter->count == 1 : true);  }
+    void reset(T* ptr = nullptr) {
+        release();
+        if (ptr) m_counter = new ReferenceCounter(ptr);
+    }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Resets the smart pointer with a custom deleter.
+     */
+    template <typename D>
+    void reset(T* ptr, D deleter) {
+        release();
+        if (ptr) m_counter = new ReferenceCounter(ptr, deleter);
+    }
 
-  private:
+    /**
+     * @brief Swaps contents with another SmartPointer.
+     */
+    void swap(SmartPointer& other) noexcept {
+        std::swap(m_counter, other.m_counter);
+    }
 
-    struct ReferenceCounter
+    /**
-    {
+     * @brief Dereference operator.
-      ReferenceCounter(T* ptr = 0, unsigned c = 1) : ptr(ptr), count(c) { }
+     */
+    T& operator*() const noexcept { return *m_counter->ptr; }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Member access operator.
+     */
+    T* operator->() const noexcept { return m_counter->ptr; }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Returns the raw pointer.
+     */
+    T* get() const noexcept { return m_counter ? m_counter->ptr : nullptr; }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Returns the number of SmartPointers sharing ownership.
+     */
+    uint32_t use_count() const noexcept {
+        return m_counter ? m_counter->count.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) : 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Returns true if this is the only SmartPointer owning the resource.
+     */
+    bool unique() const noexcept { return use_count() == 1; }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Boolean conversion operator.
+     */
+    explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return get() != nullptr; }
+
+private:
+    struct ReferenceCounter {
         T* ptr;
-      unsigned count;
+        std::atomic<uint32_t> count;
-    } * m_counter;
+        std::function<void(T*)> deleter;
 
-    // increment the count
+        ReferenceCounter(T* p, uint32_t initial_count = 1)
-    void acquire(ReferenceCounter* c) throw ()
+            : ptr(p), count(initial_count), deleter([](T* ptr_to_del) { delete ptr_to_del; }) {}
-    {
+
+        template <typename D>
+        ReferenceCounter(T* p, D d, uint32_t initial_count = 1)
+            : ptr(p), count(initial_count), deleter(d) {}
+    };
+
+    ReferenceCounter* m_counter;
+
+    void acquire(ReferenceCounter* c) noexcept {
         m_counter = c;
-        if (c && c->count>0) ++c->count;
+        if (c) {
+            c->count.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+        }
     }
 
-    // decrement the count, delete if it is 0
+    void release() noexcept {
-    void release() {
         if (m_counter) {
-            if (--m_counter->count == 0) {
+            if (m_counter->count.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel) == 1) {
-                delete m_counter->ptr;
+                if (m_counter->ptr) {
+                    m_counter->deleter(m_counter->ptr);
                 }
-            if (m_counter->count <= 0) {
                 delete m_counter;
-                m_counter = NULL;
+            }
+            m_counter = nullptr;
         }
     }
-    }
-
 };
 
-
+/**
-
+ * @brief Global swap for SmartPointer.
+ */
+template <typename T>
+void swap(SmartPointer<T>& a, SmartPointer<T>& b) noexcept {
+    a.swap(b);
 }
 
-#endif // SMARTPOINTER_H
+/**
+ * @brief Equality comparison.
+ */
+template <typename T, typename U>
+bool operator==(const SmartPointer<T>& a, const SmartPointer<U>& b) noexcept {
+    return a.get() == b.get();
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Inequality comparison.
+ */
+template <typename T, typename U>
+bool operator!=(const SmartPointer<T>& a, const SmartPointer<U>& b) noexcept {
+    return a.get() != b.get();
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Comparison with nullptr.
+ */
+template <typename T>
+bool operator==(const SmartPointer<T>& a, std::nullptr_t) noexcept {
+    return a.get() == nullptr;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+bool operator==(std::nullptr_t, const SmartPointer<T>& a) noexcept {
+    return a.get() == nullptr;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+bool operator!=(const SmartPointer<T>& a, std::nullptr_t) noexcept {
+    return a.get() != nullptr;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t, const SmartPointer<T>& a) noexcept {
+    return a.get() != nullptr;
+}
+
+} // namespace uLib
+
+#endif // U_CORE_SMARTPOINTER_H

src/Core/Types.h

@@ -139,7 +139,6 @@ typedef id_t Id_t;
 typedef void *Pointer_t;
 typedef bool Bool_t; // Boolean (0=false, 1=true) (bool)
 
-
 //--- bit manipulation ---------------------------------------------------------
 #ifndef BIT
 #define BIT(n) (1ULL << (n))

src/Core/testing/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # TESTS
 set( TESTS
         SmartVectorTest
+        SmartPointerTest
         VectorTest
         ObjectFlagsTest
         ObjectParametersTest